We humans are biased - and our robotic creations are biased, too. Bias is a natural phenomenon that drives our perceptions and behavior, including when it comes to socially expressive robots that have humanlike features. Recognizing that we embed bias, knowingly or not, within the design of such robots is crucial to studying its implications for people in modern societies. In this chapter, I consider the multifaceted question of bias in the context of humanoid, AI-enabled, and expressive social robots: Where does bias arise, what does it look like, and what can (or should) we do about it. I offer observations on human-robot interaction (HRI) along two parallel tracks: (1) robots designed in bias-conscious ways and (2) robots that may help us tackle bias in the human world. I outline a curated selection of cases for each track drawn from the latest HRI research and positioned against social, legal, and ethical factors. I also propose a set of critical next steps to tackle the challenges and opportunities on bias within HRI research and practice.

Public sector organisations have been urged to define the benefits of using AI and forming a strategy for the technology before beginning a procurement. The Government's Officer for Artificial Intelligence has highlighted the factors in draft guidelines for the public sector in procuring AI. They include advice now familiar in the public sector digital field to look beyond the solutions on offer to the outcomes desired, and to take the ethical factors into account. One of the early steps is to define the benefits and assess the risks of using AI by applying the first principle of the Data Ethics Framework. This includes setting out clearly in the invitation to tender why AI is regarded as relevant to the challenge and the public benefit that is desired.

Artificial intelligence, commonly referred to as AI, has great potential to increase efficiency, accuracy, and cost savings within the legal industry. But the ability to make decisions autonomously without any human involvement has caused concern in some legal circles as to the ethical implications. Specifically, a literal artificial decision does not apply the same critical thinking, intuition, and professional judgement traditionally practiced by a seasoned lawyer. While the point is valid, it is important to first consider how AI is transforming routine tasks in legal firms. AI in a law practice would use rules based logic developed with attorneys to abbreviate labor intensive tasks, such as contract review, where items of concern would be brought to the attention of a practicing lawyer for review.

Artificial intelligence (AI) may sound like science fiction, but it is real, and becoming increasingly important to companies in every sector. The field of artificial intelligence has produced a wide variety of "cognitive technologies" that simulate human reasoning and perceptual skills, giving businesses entirely new capabilities and enabling organizations to break prevailing tradeoffs between speed, cost, and quality. Aimed at a general business audience, this course demystifies artificial intelligence, provides an overview of a wide range of cognitive technologies, and offers a framework to help you understand their business implications. Some experts have called artificial intelligence "more important than anything since the industrial revolution." That makes this course essential for professionals working in business, operations, strategy, IT, and other disciplines.